We have free English lessons, free lesson plans and can correct your essays, reports, compositions, writing, resumes and cover letters list of irregular verbs, simple past, and past participles "Thanks for helping me get the A+. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654149' }}, }); Past Participle – ‘-ed’ (Partizip Perfekt) (Verwendung und Erklärung des Past bzw. No changes to spelling, nor to pronunciation. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_pc", "dictionary"); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, The past participles form of regular English verbs is identical to the simple past tense form. It indicates a completed action in the past or a state of things in the present or in the past. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_Billboard' }}, var pbjs = pbjs || {}; You began helping your friend in the past and completed the action of helping her in the past. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [300, 250] }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '1666926', position: 'btf' }}, Regular past participles are formed by adding ed to the verb. -> Accompanied by three guards, she went into the room. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_l", "en"); It can be used to form a verb phrase as part of the present perfect tense. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, In other words, it is identical, as in “I have talked to her about my plans.”. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot' }}]}, (Present Participle) -> Being accompanied by three guards, she went into the room. }, Past participles can often be found in participle phrases. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, dfpSlots['btmslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/btmslot', [[300, 250], 'fluid'], 'ad_btmslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'btm').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); What is a Participle? These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, a verbal form having some characteristics and functions of both verb and adjective: in English, the present participle ends in -ing (asking) and the past participle most commonly ends in -ed or -en (asked, spoken) },{ bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '1666926', position: 'btf' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [320, 50] }}, var mapping_topslot_b = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[728, 90]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); It is the third principal part of a verb, created by adding -ed, -d, or -t to the base form of a regular verb. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971066', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[120, 600], [160, 600], [300, 600]] } }, 'pa pdd chac-sb tc-bd bw hbr-20 hbss lpt-25' : 'hdn'">. "authorization": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/info?rid=READER_ID&url=CANONICAL_URL&ref=DOCUMENT_REFERRER&type=ENTRY_TRANSLATE&v1=english&v2=past-participle&v3=&v4=english&_=RANDOM", { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, var pbDesktopSlots = [ { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, The following table shows a selection of regular participles. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [320, 100] }}, 'cap': true { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654156' }}, If the subject of our sentence gets or receives something – something happens to the subject of our sentence – we use the Passive Voice. syncDelay: 3000 bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, Write the infinitive and the English conjugator will display forms in past tense, participle, present perfect, present continuous, past perfect, gerund. googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest(); { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776336', position: 'btf' }}, The present participle was approximately equivalent to the Modern English "-ing" form of a verb (as in "The singing person") and the past participle was the form used an a adjective or in a passive verbal construction to show what had happened to someone, like in Modern English "I was killed " or "The song was sung . {code: 'ad_topslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_btmslot' }}, past participle - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. (何をやっているのか尋ねながら社長はタクシーを拾った) Add the power of Cambridge Dictionary to your website using our free search box widgets. var mapping_rightslot2 = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], [[300, 250], [120, 600], [160, 600]]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); }); {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, No sign-up required. For regular verbs, the past participle takes the same form as the simple past. "loggedIn": false Past participle: it is a past participle form of a verb, V3, that works as an adjective in a sentence. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, iasLog("criterion : cdo_ptl = entry-lcp"); Language: English School subject: English as a Second Language (ESL) Grade/level: 6 Age: 7-8 Main content: Past participle Other contents: Past participle Add to my workbooks (0) Download file pdf Embed in my website or The past participle of spread is 'spread'. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654149' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654157' }}, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346693' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, expires: 365 Choose the correct past tense and past participle tense for each irregular verb. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387233' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [320, 50] }}, Passive voice uses the verb TO BE (am, is, are, was, were) plus the past participle form of the verb in the main action. Some adjectives are formed from past participles, like for example ' broken ' in 'a broken leg '. The subjunctive mood in the second half of the sentence describes an action—could not help—that happened (or in this case did not happen) entirely in the past. { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, The past participle is generally used with an auxiliary (or helping) verb—has, have, or had—to express the perfect aspect, a verb construction that describes events occurring in the past that are linked to a later time, usually the present. } That's right! It is used in perfect aspects, adverb clauses, and the passive voice. iasLog("exclusion label : wprod"); bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '19042093' }}, For regular verbs, we normally add ED to form its past participle. Some adjectives are formed from past participles, like for example ' broken ' in 'a broken leg '. 50 Examples of Present Tense, Past Tense and Past Participle in english, V1 V2 V3 Examples in English, V1 V2 V3 List in English V1 Base Form V2 Simple Past V3 Past Participle 1 Be was, were been 2 Beat beat beaten 3 become became become 4 begin began begun 5 bend bent bent 6 bet bet bet 7 bid bid bid 8 bite bit bitten 9 break broke broken 10 bring brought brought 11 buy bought bought … var pbTabletSlots = [ { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11653860' }}, 'max': 8, Cambridge Dictionary’s Word of the Year 2020, Clear explanations of natural written and spoken English. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [120, 600] }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_HDX' }}, 'min': 31, 'cap': true Regular verbs: For regular English verbs, the past participle is formed by simply adding an’ed’ to the verbal base, or a’d d name: "unifiedId", A past participle indicates past or completed action or time. }, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, The action of being baffled starts and is completed entirely in the present, as is the (non)action of not helping. Past Participle. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_leftslot' }}, The highlighted words below are … ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387232' }}, 'max': 3, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 250] }}, Past participles can also be used as an adjective to describe a noun. var mapping_topslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([746, 0], []).addSize([0, 550], [[300, 250]]).addSize([0, 0], [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]]).build(); { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, {code: 'ad_rightslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_rightslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/rightslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '705055' }}, You might wear underwear today if you are expressing action in the present. dfpSlots['leftslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/leftslot', [[120, 600], [160, 600]], 'ad_leftslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'left').addService(googletag.pubads()); Below are some examples: You should walk cautiously on the frozen pond. “Past participle” is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as “the form of a verb, typically ending in -ed in English, which is used in forming perfect and passive tenses and sometimes as an adjective.” This means that verbs in the past participle form usually end in the letters “ed.” dfpSlots['topslot_b'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [[728, 90]], 'ad_topslot_b').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_b).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_topslot_mobile_flex' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971080', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, 'min': 8.50, The past participle is sometimes also called the perfect participle or simply third verb form. よく文の先頭で見られるpast participle(過去分詞)やpresent participle(-ing現在分詞)。よくわかっていないと全く違う意味の文章か、文章が成り立たないおかしな話になる。 Asking what they were doing , the president got a taxi. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, const customGranularity = { In English grammar, the past participle refers to an action that was started and completed entirely in the past. addPrebidAdUnits(pbAdUnits); { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [160, 600] }}, 98% answer rate in English language on Preply Prepare to speak confidently with the best online tutors Explore tutors Ask a question 1 Log in Preply Home English language Past participle … The linguistic term, past participle, was coined circa 1798 based on its participial form, whose morphology equates to the regular form of preterite verbs. { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, In addition to the perfect aspect (or perfect tense), the past participle can be used in a passive voice or as an adjective. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776358', position: 'atf' }}, Learning Resources (Memory Game): Past and Past Participle (foreign language - english - verbs - 6º Educación primaria - past simple - irregular verbs) - Students match the infinitive irregular verb with its past tense. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_ei", "past-participle"); {code: 'ad_rightslot2', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_rightslot2', adUnitPath: '/2863368/rightslot2' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [120, 600], [160, 600]] } }, "login": { var dfpSlots = {}; { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195465', size: [300, 250] }}, The past participle is a verb form that indicates a completed action. There are three kinds of participles in English grammar: present participle or -ing form, past participle and perfect participle. name: "_pubcid", The past participle of “exhaust” describes the athlete. { bidder: 'appnexus', params: { placementId: '11654208' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot_flex' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, Past participles are a nonfinite verb form in English that perform verbal and adjectival functions. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [300, 50] }}, It is the third principal part of a verb, created by adding -ed, -d, or … In the second sentence, baffled is still a past participle but the action will have been started and completed entirely in the present. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("sfr", "cdo_dict_english"); { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_rightslot2_flex' }}, What is a past participle? 'increment': 0.5, "sign-up": "https://dictionary.cambridge.org/auth/signup?rid=READER_ID", Ex – running train, crying man, winning team, etc. enableSendAllBids: false, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195451', size: [320, 50] }}, params: { In summary, a past participle is formed from the past tense of a verb. Irregular verbs are trickier to form in the simple past than regular verbs, as these examples illustrate: To form the past participle of these irregular verbs, precede them with an auxiliary verb: Viewing some of the most common irregular verbs, together with the simple past as well as their past participle forms, can be helpful in understanding how they are formed. Define past participle: In grammar, the definition of past participle is a nonfinite verb used to signify a perfective aspect. Answers 1. The full sentence would read: "Having been baffled by your attitude, I could not help you." (The participle phrase "taken to hospital" describes "the boy.") To do so, add ed, d, or t, as in these examples that show the verb on the left and the simple past tense on the right: Turning these verbs into past participles is also simple: Make the verb past tense and precede it with an auxiliary verb, as in these examples that list the simple past on the left and the past participle on the right: Though they may seem similar, there is a difference between the regular past tense and past participle. In Standard American, ' gotten ' is used as a past participle of 'get'. iasLog("criterion : cdo_tc = resp"); The two actions occur completely in the future: He will be outraged and he (will be) deceived. For most verbs, the past participle is the same as the past tense and is created by adding a d, ed or ied at the end of the word. Past participles are also referred to as -en participles, passive participles, and perfect participles. If you are studying English grammar you may want to memorize the common irregular past and past participles listed here. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '346688' }}, Present Perfect: She's already eaten lunch. { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, The word in the example sentence does not match the entry word. }; { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [160, 600] }}, { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971066', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, pbjs.setConfig(pbjsCfg); { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_MidArticle' }}, var mapping_houseslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping().addSize([963, 0], [300, 250]).addSize([0, 0], []).build(); iasLog("setting page_url: - https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/past-participle"); {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250], [320, 50], [300, 50]] } }, In English, the perfect is formed with 'have' and the past participle of the verb. Participles are verb forms that function as adjectives, nouns or as part of a compound verb tenses. {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a969411017171829a5c82bb4deb000b', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_300x250' }}, Some common verbs are also formed from others, which means the past participle is the same: – give / forgive (given / forgiven) – come / become (come / become) – stand / understand (stood / understood) It doesn't function as verb in the sentence. { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '555365', size: [300, 250] }}, ga('send', 'pageview'); Add past participle to one of your lists below, or create a new one. window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; iasLog("exclusion label : resp"); 'increment': 1, Perfect Participle im Englischen) Test yourself with our free English language quiz about 'Irregular Verbs- Past Participle'. ga('set', 'dimension2', "entryex"); "authorizationTimeout": 10000 'buckets': [{ { { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '541042770', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, The past participle of a verb is one of two past forms. { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195467', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, […] { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, A past participle indicates past or completed action or time. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776140', position: 'atf' }}, googletag.pubads().setCategoryExclusion('lcp').setCategoryExclusion('resp').setCategoryExclusion('wprod'); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387232' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776130', position: 'btf' }}, bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776160', position: 'atf' }}, { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '195464', size: [300, 600] }}, Learn how to use Past Participles. How to make the past participle in English: 1. googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; The past participle form of “freeze” describes the pond. }); The past participle also serves as an appositive adjective, describing the pronoun (and subject of the sentence). {code: 'ad_btmslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_btmslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/btmslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 250]] } }, Past Participle exercises. 'increment': 0.05, type: "html5", { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '446382' }}, To use the same irregular verb as a past participle, however, you might say, "I have worn my Superman underwear." Unfortunately for irregular verbs there are no rules and it is just a matter of practice. You wore underwear yesterday if you are expressing the simple past. googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(event) { if (!event.isEmpty && event.slot.renderCallback) { event.slot.renderCallback(event); } }); iasLog("exclusion label : lcp"); initAdSlotRefresher(); { bidder: 'sovrn', params: { tagid: '387233' }}, A participle phrase acts like an adjective. iasLog("criterion : cdo_pt = entry"); Simple past and past participle tense of regular and irregular verbs in English. dfpSlots['topslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/topslot', [], 'ad_topslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'top').setTargeting('hp', 'center').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, Understanding the Types of Verbs in English Grammar, An Introduction to Irregular Verbs in English, Simple Past Tense Definition and Examples, Difference Between a Weak and Strong Verb, Practice in Using the Present Perfect in English Grammar, Using Spanish Past Participles: They’re Both Verbs and Adjectives, Spanish and English Past Participles Compared, A Step-By-Step Conjugation of Simple Past-Tense Verbs in Spanish, Common Irregular Verbs in English in a Table, Ph.D., Rhetoric and English, University of Georgia, M.A., Modern English and American Literature, University of Leicester, B.A., English, State University of New York. { bidder: 'onemobile', params: { dcn: '8a9690ab01717182962182bb50ce0007', pos: 'cdo_btmslot_mobile_flex' }}, {code: 'ad_topslot_b', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[728, 90]] } }, dfpSlots['rightslot'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/rightslot', [[300, 250]], 'ad_rightslot').defineSizeMapping(mapping_rightslot).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'right').addService(googletag.pubads()); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}]}]; { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971063', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, 'max': 30, },{ {code: 'ad_topslot_a', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_topslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/topslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[300, 50], [320, 50], [320, 100]] } }, This is formed with a form of the verb "have" and a, Words are also linked by morphologically derived relations: pertainym or, Other things being equal, we expect a verb to have a nominalization, just as we expect it to have a, The subsequent forms are the simple past tense and the, The main clause consists of a modal, the past tense, the perfect aspect, and the, The counts disambiguate different parts of speech, thus distinguishing the use of dropped as a, Note that the stative form got is distinguished from a second form of the, In passives, agents are merely omitted and this is marked by passive morphology (be +, For the majority of verbs, however, the agreement on the, Diversification of verbal forms involving the production of marked forms of the infinitive and, The corpus contains 75 instances of get with a, We present some examples of dictionary entries: two allomorph stems for imprimir (figure 2), and two verbal ending entries (allomorphs) for the, In this way, homographs and homonyms, such as wind (noun) and wind (verb), or set (noun), set (infinitive), set (past tense), set (, Linguistics: verb forms, tenses & types of verbs. For example; Amrilno went into the room and three guards accompanied her. To understand past participles, you first need to know how to make a verb past tense. iasLog("criterion : cdo_c = " + ["arts_entertainment_media"]); Online conjugation: the best way to learn how to conjugate an English verb. googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false); 'max': 36, In the examples below, the participle phrases are shaded and the past participles are in bold: The boy taken to hospital has recovered. The past participle is used to form the passive. bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162036', zoneId: '776156', position: 'atf' }}, type: "html5", userIds: [{ },{ },{ { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_btmslot' }}]}, name: "pbjs-unifiedid", We can use participles to form participle clause s which shorten complex sentences. iasLog("criterion : cdo_pc = dictionary"); { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_topslot' }}]}, 'min': 0, It is not the main verb in the sentence. googletag.pubads().setTargeting("cdo_dc", "english"); { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, storage: { 'cap': true bids: [{ bidder: 'rubicon', params: { accountId: '17282', siteId: '162050', zoneId: '776336', position: 'btf' }}, Past participle indicates a past and finished action or moment. } { bidder: 'triplelift', params: { inventoryCode: 'Cambridge_SR' }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_topslot' }}, storage: { Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors. The Past Participle is a grammatical form of the English language that you will need to use on various occasions. pid: '94' All Free. This implies that you donned your Superman underwear in the past but you are no longer doing so. dfpSlots['houseslot_a'] = googletag.defineSlot('/2863368/houseslot', [300, 250], 'ad_houseslot_a').defineSizeMapping(mapping_houseslot_a).setTargeting('sri', '0').setTargeting('vp', 'mid').setTargeting('hp', 'right').setCategoryExclusion('house').addService(googletag.pubads()); {code: 'ad_leftslot', pubstack: { adUnitName: 'cdo_leftslot', adUnitPath: '/2863368/leftslot' }, mediaTypes: { banner: { sizes: [[120, 600], [160, 600]] } }, The film was so boring that I fell asleep in the middle. { bidder: 'openx', params: { unit: '539971081', delDomain: 'idm-d.openx.net' }}, } { bidder: 'ix', params: { siteId: '194852', size: [300, 250] }}, { bidder: 'criteo', params: { networkId: 7100, publisherSubId: 'cdo_rightslot' }}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot' }}]}, { bidder: 'pubmatic', params: { publisherId: '158679', adSlot: 'cdo_rightslot2' }}]}];

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